Turbine system



May 22, 1928. 1,671,066

H. P. DAHLSTRAND TURBINE SYSTEM Filed sept. 2o. 1920 I ,3 A y /0 I /////A 4 Patented May 22, 1928.

UNITED STATES ranma PATENT oEElcs.

HANS P. DAHLSTRAND, OF WAUWATOSA, WISCONSINjASSIGNOR TO ALLS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, XVISCONSIN, A CORYORATION OF DELAWARE.

TURBINE SYSTEM.

Application iled September 20, 1920. Serial No. 411,552.

This invention relates in general to improvements in theconstruction and operation of energy translating apparatus, andrelates specifically to improvements in power systemsfor converting the potential energy of an agency such as steam, into kinetic energy, with the aid of a prime mover such as a steam turbine or like apparatus.

y An object of the invention is to provide an energy translating device which is si1nple in construction and which will produce high economy in operation.

It has been found desirable in certain commercial installations such as paper, Woolen and rubber mills, to employ steam or other heating agencies at a predetermined pres sure and temperature, for the purpose of heating auxiliaries such as rolls, driers and thelike. The pressure and temperature at Which it is desirable to utilize the heating agency is ordinarily belovv that of the agency at the source of generation. Gonsidi erable loss in available energy resultsfrom merely reducing the'pressure and temperature of the agency by means of a throttle. valveI or similar device. When utilizing a throttle valve torso reduce the pressure and temperature of steam, the excess heat is dispersed in super-heating the agency during reduction in the pressure thereof. It is al-so a fact that where a heating agency such as steam is employed to heat auxiliaries, the steam which leaves the auxiliaries or heat ing system'still possesses considerable available energy.

In order to eifect complete utilization of all of the available energy in the heating agency employed in suchinstallations, the present invention contemplates the provision of means for convertingY into useful Work substantially all the potential energy of the agency, including the excess energy Which is not utilized in the auxiliaries.

To eifectively accomplish this result at minimum initial cost of installation, the present invention further contemplates util ization ofstandard apparatus to convert the excess energy into useful work. The present inventionA further contemplates the provision of means for controlling characteristics of the agency during conversionof its energy inthe system.

Additional objects and advantages of the present invention. will appear in the course of the following description.

v clear conception of an embodiment "of the invention and of the operation of the device, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of thisv specification, in which like reference characters designate the same or 'similar parts in the several. views.

Figure l is a central vertical section through a steam turbine of the ordinary high-pressure condensing type, in which the energy of the steam passing through the turbine is converted into useful Work, by increments.

Figure 2 represents a turbine similar-.in construction to the turbine disclosed in Figure' l, but differing from the turbine of Figure l in that an intermediate stage has been removed and a dividing diaphragm or Wall substituted, the chambers on opposite sides of thi-s diaphragm having been connected to heat utilizing apparatus.

While the invention is disclosed herein as applied to a turbine of the reaction type, .it is obvious that the same is applicable to turbines of other types as Well as to other forms of heat engines.

The turbine disclosed in Figure l comprises in general a rotary spindle 2, mounted in bearings 3, and enclosed Within a stationary casing 4. The turbine spindle has a plurality of rings of buckets or blades which coact with stationary rings of blading mounted in casing 4 to abstract energy from the steam passing through the turbine. The

high pressure steam is admitted to the cas-A ing 4 through a control valve 5 and is delivered from the turbine to the con-denser through an exhaustv passage 6. The turbine spindle 2 is provided with a balance piston 7 which counter-balances the end thrust induced by the steam flowing toward the ex haust end of the turbine.

The turbine disclosed in Figure 2 differs `through the pipe or conduit 1l.

12. The discharge'end ot the heat utilizing,I4

device `12 connects with the chamber 13 on the `side of the diaphragm 9 nearest the exhaust end of the turbine, through a pipe or conduit lat and a back pressure valve 15.U

A drain pipe 1G which connects with a separator located near the discharge end of the heat utilizing device 12 permits discharge of water of condensation from the steam delivered to the conduit 14. y

The back pressure valve 15 is provided with a pressure piston 17 and an adjustable spring 18, whereby the valve may be set so that it will open only when a pre-dctermmed pressure is attained on the side ot' the valve associated with the heat utilizing device 12. Vith the exception of the on'lission ot' the intermediate stage 8 and the substitution ot the diaphragm 9 and chambers l10, 1.3, the` turbine oit Figure 2 is identical with the turbine of Figure 1. The drop in pressure resulting by the passage of steam through the heat utilizingr device 12 is substantially equal to the drop in pressure resulting from the passage ot steam through the stage 8 of the turbine disclosed .in Figure 1. The joint between the diaphragm 9 and the turbine spindle 2 is provided with packing 19 which prevents directpassage ot' steam trom the chamber' 10 to the chamber 13.

During normal operation ot the turbine disclosed in Figure l, the steam is admitted through the controlling valve 5 and after passing through the turbine blading is delivered to the condenser through the eX- haust chamber (i. The enero' oit the steam is converted into useful work by rotating the spindle 2 of the turbine.

During the normal operation of the turbine disclosed in Figure 2, the steam is admitted to the high pressure sectionl ot the 4turbine through the controlling valve 5 and after having a part oil its energy abstracted is delivered into "the chamber 10.` Frein the chamber 1() all. oft` the steam passing through the high pressure section ot the turbine is delivered to the heat utilizing device 12 After having another portion ot its energy converted in the heat: utilizing device 12, all of the steam which remains, is (lelivered to the chamber 13 through the pipe or conduit 14 and the back pressure valve 15. The baclr pressure valve 15 serves to cont-rol. the pressure ot the steam admitted lto the chamber 13, the delivery pressure depending upon the setting ot the spring 18. From the chamber 18 the steam passes through the low pressure section ot the turbine and is eventually delivered to the condenser` through the exhaust chamber 6.

It will thus be noted that regardless ot the initial pressure oit the steam at the source ot generation, the apparatus embodying the present invention permits substantially complete utilization ot all ot' Vthe available energy in the steam and further makes available a suliicient supply of steam for the auxiliaries at the desired` pressure and temperature. The cost ot installation is reduced tol a minimum by utilizing standard turbine parts, the etliciency of ivhich is maintained substantially" constant by the provision ot a back pressure valve which controls the pressure of the steam admitted to the 10W pressure portion of the turbine.

The temperature and pressure of the steam delivered to the heat utilizing Adevice 12 may be readily varied by merely varying the characteristics ot the steam admitted to the turbine with the aidof the controlling valve 5. Such variation in the characteristics of the steam supplied to the turbine will atleet the delivery ot' power, but as. an installation of this kind is ordinarily desirable in plants I Y Vwhere several generators are' operated in parallel, variations in the power output of the vturbine embodying the present inven tion will not be undesirable.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to theiexact details of construction and of operationof -the apparatus herein shown and described, for various modilications Within the scope of the claims .may occur to personsskilled in the art.

. It is claimed and desired to Vsecure by Letters Patent z- 1. In combination, aturbine comprising a single casing and a rotor therein, said turbine being devoid ot' intermediate stage blading ot' known characteristics, a partition located at the place of omissionot said lblading and dividingl said turbine intotWo parts, i

h eat utilizing device having a heat .absorption capacity equal to that oi said omitted blading. said device communicating with said turbine on opposite sides of said partition, and means automatically operable by the pressure atf the discharge from said` de` `of from vice having heat absorption capacity equal to that of said omitted blading, said device receiving all of the fluid entering said turbine from the discharge end of said high 5 pressure part and returning said fluid at a lower tension to the inlet end of said 10W pressure part, and a Valve automatically operalole by the pressure at the discharge from said device to control the admission of fluid HANS P. DAHLSTRAND. 

